Gradient Index Multimode Interference Structures - Technology and Applications

The aim of this paper is to present the operating principles and properties of gradient index multimode interference structures made by $K^{+}-Na^{+}$ ion exchange in glass and their basic applications in optoelectronic circuits. The investigations of multimode interference structures were performed applying a method based on the visualization of light distribution in gradient structures, using fluorescence of the substance covering the multimode interference structures section. Basing on the above we present gradient index multimode interference structures applications in splitters and couplers 1× N technology of different configurations.