Electrooptical Properties of Cylindrical Quantum Dots

We show how to compute the optical functions (the complex electrosusceptibility tensor, dielectric tensor, electroreflection spectra) for semiconductor quantum dots exposed to a uniform static electric field in the growth direction, including the excitonic effects. The method uses the microscopic calculation of the quantum dot excitonic wave functions and energy levels, and the macroscopic real density matrix approach to compute the electromagnetic fields and susceptibilities. The electron-hole screened Coulomb potential is adapted and the valence band structure is taken into account in the cylindrical approximation, thus separating light- and heavy-hole motions. In the microscopic calculations, using the effective-mass approximation, we solve the 6-dimensional two-particle Schrödinger equation by transforming it into an infinite set of coupled second order 2-dimensional differential equations with the appropriate boundary conditions. These differential equations are solved numerically giving the eigenfunctions and the energy eigenvalues. Having them, we can compute the quantum dot electrooptical functions. Numerical calculations have been performed for an InGaAs quantum dot with a constant electric field applied in the growth direction. A good agreement with experiment is obtained.