Слово у вимірах історичної пам’яті українців

The article shows that archaic language is one of the components and methods of the detection of historical memory of Ukrainians. The analysis of the use of such elements in Old Ukrainian literary language of the 14-18th centuries., in Ukrainian literary language of the 19-20th centuries and in modern Ukrainian dialects has proved “Ukrainianness” of some archaic elements of the Ukrainian language, which are perceived by the language awareness of the modern Ukrainian as elements of the Russian language rather than the elements of its national identity in the diachronic dimension, as these words do exist in the modern Russian literary language, while in the New Ukrainian literary language they are replaced by other lexemes. It is shown that such archaisms in the language awareness of educated Ukrainians, including writers, acquire additional connotations and update their historical memory.