Issues concerning protection of buildings against the impact of underground coal mining
pose significant scientific and engineering challenges. In Poland, where mining is a potent and
prominent industry assuring domestic energy security, regions within reach of mining influences
are plenty. Moreover, due to their industrial character they are also densely built-up areas. Because minerals have been extracted on an industrial scale in majority of those areas for many
years, the rock mass structure has been significantly disturbed. Hence, exploitation of successive
layers of multi-seam deposits might cause considerable damage – both in terms of surface and
existing infrastructure networks. In the light of those facts, the means of mining and building prevention have to be improved on a regular basis. Moreover, they have to be underpinned by reliable analyses holistically capturing the comprehensive picture of the mining, geotechnical and
constructional situation of structures. Scientific research conducted based on observations and
measurements of mining-induced strain in buildings is deployed to do just that.
Presented in this paper examples of damage sustained by buildings armed with protection
against mining influences give an account of impact the mining exploitation in disturbed rock
mass can have. This paper is based on analyses of mining damage to church and Nursing Home
owned by Evangelical Augsburg Parish in Bytom–Miechowice. Neighbouring buildings differ in
the date they were built, construction, building technology, geometry of the building body and
fitted protection against mining damage. Both the buildings, however, have sustained lately significant deformation and damage caused by repeated mining exploitation.
Selected damage has been discussed hereunder. The structures have been characterised,
their current situation and mining history have been outlined, which have taken their toll on
character and magnitude of damage. Description has been supplemented with photographic
documentation.
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