The process of gasification is one of the promising technologies of clean combustible gas production
from low-grade coals, such as lignite, coal mud and subbituminous LR coals, and from
biomass and waste. However, depending on the type of gasification material, the following aspects
require investigation and development: the selection of a gasification technology (including
parameters and gasifying agents) and the removal of the components constituting a burden and
contamination from the raw gas. This paper presents the results of research on the gasification
of lignite and sludge with added refuse derived fuel and the gasification of both these substances
with added calcium sorbents. Two gasifying agents, water vapour and carbon dioxide, were used
in the experiments, which were carried out in a fixed bed reactor at the temperatures of 600,
700, 800, 900, and 1000 ◦C. The effects of process temperature, the calcium oxide addition and
the gasifying agent composition and quantity on fuel conversion and product gas composition
have been determined. Higher process temperatures in both atmosphere of gasification (H2O
and CO2) cause an increase in the volume fraction of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the
resulting gas. The effect of the addition of calcium oxide (CaO) for carbon dioxide gasification
of sewage sludge exhibits the positive effect. The increase in the volume of hydrogen and carbon
monoxide in the syngas from gasification of sewage was observed. The gasifying agent has a
different effect on the composition of the gas depending on the temperature. The gasification
process in the atmosphere of water vapour starts faster than in the atmosphere of carbon dioxide
and hydrogen formation is significantly higher.
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