Pomiary stosunku impedancji wzorcowych w układzie komparatora z zastosowaniem metody przestawienia

W artykule przedstawiona jest metoda pomiaru stosunku impedancji dwuportowych, współosiowych w zakresie (10 – 100) kΩ typu R-R, C-C, a także R-C z wykorzystaniem cyfrowego modułu pomiarowego. Badania miały na celu weryfikację dokładności nowego układu komparatora. Otrzymane wyniki pomiarów porównano z wynikami otrzymanymi klasycznym mostkiem transformatorowym. Dokonano analizy błędów układu i wskazano możliwości ich poprawy.

In the paper there is presented a new scheme of an unbalanced impedance comparator for measuring two terminal pair, coaxial impedance ratio with a complex voltage ratio (CVR). In the introduction there is given a description of classical and digital comparators. Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of a comparator. It contains a digital generator G, digital sampling voltmeter channels V₁, V₂, impedances Z_X, Z_N whose ratio is to be determined and reed relays K₁ and K₂. Parasitic impedances in the comparator are denoted as Z_D [2]. The next section presents mathematical explanation how the impedance ratio is achieved using U_V1', U_V2', U_V1'', U_V2'' voltages derived by DFT from the gathered probes. The expression (7) is true if the generator voltage between measurements is constant. The experimental results of comparison of 6 impedances: 4 resistive type impedances of the nominal values of 10 kΩ (R₃, R₄), 100 kΩ (R₁, R₂) and two capacitive impedances of the nominal values of 3 nF (C₁, C₂) are given in Table 1. The left column presents the type of comparison. In the middle one there are given the results obtained by the comparator and in the right - the real parts of the impedance ratio obtained from a transformer bridge. Fig. 2 shows the experimental results to check if there is really the same voltage in the time of measurement. Summing up, these are the preliminary results and the comparator has to be investigated under other metrological conditions.