Eksperymentalna weryfikacja pomiaru elementów o zmiennej średnicy metodą promieniową

W praktyce przemysłowej istnieje duża grupa elementów, które nominalnie nie stanowią idealnych walców, np. elementy stożkowe czy baryłkowe. Ogólnie można je zdefiniować jako elementy walcowe o zmiennej średnicy. Niestety, obecnie istniejące specjalistyczne systemy pomiarowe posiadają jedynie opcje umożliwiające pomiar odchyłek kształtu elementów nominalnie walcowych. Z tego powodu istnieje konieczność opracowania metod i procedur umożliwiających pomiar odchyłek kształtu elementów, których element skojarzony nie jest idealnym walcem. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentalnej weryfikacji koncepcji pomiaru elementów o zmiennej średnicy za pomocą metody promieniowej, stosowanej dotychczas do pomiaru i oceny zarysów okrągłości i walcowości.

Nowadays, there are special-purpose systems allowing accurate measurements of form deviations of machine elements that are nominally cylindrical [1, 2]. However, in industrial practice there is a large group of rotary elements, which are not nominal cylinders. They may be, for example, conical or barrel-shaped elements. In general, they may be defined as changing diameter elements. Unfortunately, available special-purpose measuring systems have only an option of measurements of elements that are nominally cylindrical. This is the reason why it is necessary to develop new methods and procedures allowing measurements of form deviations of elements that are not nominally cylindrical but, for example, conical or barrel-shaped [3, 4]. In order to measure form deviations reliably, it is necessary to calculate parameters of so-called reference feature (according to new standards it is also called as an associated feature) [6, 8]. In case of nominally cylindrical elements an associated feature is a mathematically ideal cylinder. However, if one wants to measure elements that are not nominally cylindrical applying a nominal cylinder as a reference will be the source of errors when calculating deviation parameters. In order to avoid such errors, it is necessary to apply a reference feature, that would be similar to the nominal shape of measured element as much as possible. In order to obtain accurate measurement results it is also necessary to select appropriate method of the filtration of measuring signal [7]. The article presents results of experimental verification of measurements of changing diameter elements by the radial method, which have been previously applied to measurements of cylindricity and roundness only [5]. In section 1 the scope of the research activities is described. Section 2 provides details of the measuring system (Fig. 1) that was used during the experiments. In section 3 the description of the experiments and measurement results are given (see Fig. 2 to 6). Section 4 provides summary and conclusions.