Pomiary oporów przepływu dwufazowego w minikanałach

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań oporów przepływu mieszaniny woda-powietrze w minirurkach. W badaniach zastosowano 10 minirurek ze stali nierdzewnej o średnicy wewnętrznej dw = 0,64 ÷ 2,30 mm. Badania przeprowadzono w zakresie parametrów: masowe natężenie przepływu wody 0,15 ÷ 59 kg/h, powietrza 0,004 ÷ 0,7 kg/h, udział masowy powietrza w mieszaninie dwufazowej x = 0,0003 ÷ 0,22, gęstość strumienia masy mieszaniny (w?) = 46 ÷ 8582 kg/(m2os). Wykazano brak możliwości wykorzystania klasycznych metod obliczenia oporu przepływu dwufazowego.

The paper presents results of experimental investigations of frictional pressure drop in minichannels. Air-water mixture was used as working fluid. The test section was made from stainless-steel pipes of internal diameters equal to 0.64, 1.05, 1.10, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.60, 1.68, 1.94 and 2.30 mm. Investigations were performed for mass flux of 46 ÷ 8582 kg/(m2 s) and gas quality from 0.0003 to 0.22. The superficial velocity ranges of water and air were 0.1 ÷ 8.6 m/s and 0.9 ÷ 63.9 m/s, respectively. The results of experimental investigations were compared with the theoretical values obtained from the homogeneous equilibrium model (HEM). The dynamic viscosity coefficient was calculated using correlations proposed by: Owens, Mc Adams, Ackers, Cicchitti, Dukler, Beattie & Whaley, Lin. It was found that none of the tested correlations could predict the two-phase pressure drop satisfactorily. Even though there exist papers which confirm the suitability of the classical separated flow methods of Lockhart-Martinelli and Friedel for calculations of the frictional pressure drop of the two-phase flow in minichannels, the experimental study conducted by the author confirms the existence of substantial limitations. The classical correlations of Lockhart-Martinelli and Friedel can be only treated as primary estimation of resistances in the adiabatic two-phase flow in tubular minichannels. Experiments confirmed the need for introducing corrections and modifications to the classical method to obtain results reliable in case of minichannels.