In recent years there is a trend in industry to limit the usage of chemical compounds. Natural polymers are
new promising materials that possess important properties like biodegrability or lack of toxicity. Radiation processing
of natural occurring polymers is an area of current research for development of new applications. The aim of this study
was to determine the impact of ionizing radiation modification on bioactivity of a natural polysaccharide. Chitosan with
different molecular weights was investigated as a biostimulator – a biologically active substance that stimulates some
growth processes in plants. Chitosan in solid state was irradiated with electron beam from an electron beam accelerator
Elektronika 10-10 with a dose range from 50 to 300 kGy. The effects of irradiation on the molecular weight of chitosan
were investigated by viscosity and GPC measurements. Non-irradiated and irradiated chitosan at concentrations 0.001,
0.01, 0.1 and 1 g/dm3 were used for greenhouse tests of its activity for growth promotion of Salix viminalis L. var. gigantea
plant. Uniform rooted cuttings (20 per combination) were selected for the test and cultivated in aerated hydroponics
culture containing Hoagland’s nutrient solutions plus respective amounts of chitosan. After six weeks of plant exposure
to chitosan, data of selected parameters of plant growth were collected. In most cases, except the highest concentration,
both forms of chitosan had stimulatory effect on leaf area, length of roots and of newly developed shoots. Also fresh and
dry weights of these organs were greater in chitosan treated plants. The highest concentration of chitosan was stimulatory
only for a number of roots and newly developed shoots while for other parameters was inhibitory. In comparable
concentrations the stimulatory effect was greater for chitosan irradiated in comparison with the non-irradiated one.
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