The increasing resistance of community and hospital acquired bacterial strains has become a challenge
to the current health policy in Poland. Although some bacteria are known to have a peculiar
resistance towards a given agent, antibiotics have a well-established position in clinical practice
and are broadly available in our lives. The universal access to antimicrobial therapy and its overuse
have created an issue of previously susceptible bacteria now presenting antibiotic resistance. All
bacteria that survive antibiotic treatment, continue growth and reproduction. This phenomenon is
also observed in livestock rearing. An inadequate implementation of antibiotic therapy leads to the
transfer of resistant bacterial strains into the environment of people, who eat products of animal
and plant origin. Moreover, the non-compliance to law in terms of antibiotics added to animal fodder
or negilgence of withdrawal periods seems to further exacerbate the situation. Various research
projects conducted in Poland and elsewhere have demonstrated that antibiotics produce an immunosuppressive
effect, which exposes both humans and animals to different infections. Antibiotics
also interfere with the growth of many microorganisms, recognized as part of the human and animal
physiological microflora, as a result of which dysbacteriosis may develop. In order to limit the
use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, research should be focus on finding alternative agents based
on plant extracts that undergo biodegradation.
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