Design and simulation of a multienergy gamma ray absorptiometry system for multiphase flow metering with accurate void fraction and water-liquid ratio approximation
Design and simulation of a multienergy gamma ray absorptiometry system for multiphase flow metering with accurate void fraction and water-liquid ratio approximation
Multiphase flow meters are used to measure the water-liquid ratio (WLR) and void fraction in a multiphase
fluid stream pipeline. In the present study, a system of multiphase flow measurement has been designed
by application of three thallium-doped sodium iodide scintillators and a radioactive source of 133Ba simulated
by Monte Carlo N-particle (MCNP) transport code. In order to capture radiations passing across the pipe, two
direct detectors have been installed on opposite sides of the radioactive source. Another detector has been placed
perpendicular to the transmission beam emitted from the 133Ba source to receive radiations scattered from the fluid
flow. Simulation was done by the MCNP code for different volumetric fractions of water, oil, and gas phases for
two types of flow regimes, namely, homogeneous and annular; training and validation data have been provided
for the artificial neural network (ANN) to develop a computation model for pattern recognition. Depending
on applications of the neural system, several structures of ANNs are used in the current paper to model the
flow measurement relations, while the detector outputs are considered as the input parameters of the neural
networks. The first, second, and third structures benefit from two, three, and five multilayer perceptron neural
networks, respectively. Increasing the number of ANNs makes the system more complicated and decreases the
available data; however, it increases the accuracy of estimation of WLR and gas void fraction. According to the
results, the maximum relative difference was observed in the scattering detector. It was clear that transmission
detectors would demonstrate the difference between the flow regimes as well. It is necessary to note that the
error calculated by the MCNP simulator is <0.5% for the direct detectors (TR1 and TR2). Due to the difference
between the data of the two flow regimes and the errors of data in the simulation codes of the MCNP, it was
possible to separate these flow regimes. The effect of changing WLR on the efficiency for a constant void fraction
confi rms a considerable variance in the results of annular and homogeneous flow s occurring in the scattering
detector. There is a similar trend for the void fraction; hence, one can easily distinguish changes in efficiency
due to the WLR. Analysis of the simulation results revealed that in the proposed structure of the multiphase
flow meter and the computation model used for simulation, the two flow regimes are simply distinguishable.
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