Gastroesophageal reflux disease – from the point of view of a gastroenterologist, otolaryngologist and surgeon

Gastrooesophageal reflux disease is the regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus, which causes troublesome symptoms or complications for the patient. Before starting the treatment, it is always necessary to objectively confirm gastroesophageal reflux disease, especially in correlation with ENT symptoms, as extra esophageal complications. In diagnostics, the "gold standard" is a 24-hour impedance-pH supplemented with endoscopy. Treatment without objective confirmation of the disease is not recommended, the more so that non-acid gas proximal reflux, detectable only in the MIIpH test, causes the greatest number of laryngological complications. It is important to confirm the coexistence of clinical symptoms of GERD with ESS. Considering the time of treating the disease and its consequences, it is worthwhile to be cautious and careful with the diagnosis of the disease, and the treatment should be carried out for a long time in relation to the recommendation, preferably in cooperation with an ENT specialist and gastroenterologist. The greatest therapeutic effectiveness is achieved by combining PPI with itopride while maintaining the appropriate doses of drugs and observing a sufficiently long duration of treatment, while maintaining the correct dose reduction and drug discontinuation regimen. In case of failure of pharmacological treatment, antireflux surgery should be take into consideration.