Zagrożenia przy pracy generatorów w małych elektrowniach wodnych

In the most of small hydropower as generators the induction machines are used. These generators can cooperate with grid continuously or act in an island operation. The transition from grid to island operation can be dangerous for the receivers supplied from the generator and for the generator itself due to rapid voltage and speed rise. When the generator supplies a separated island, the dynamic changes can also cause voltage growth, dangerous for supplied appliance. In the paper are discussed the types of dangers, connected with these events, and the methods to limit their negative results. Presented text describes selected results of measurement on real facilities and built on purpose laboratory model of hydropower. The large part of the investigations were done by means of simulation methods, using MATLAB/SIMULINK based mathematical models.