Parametryczno-magnetyczna procedura dla wczesnej diagnostyki wyeksploatowania elementów ze stali konstrukcyjnych stosowanych w instalacjach energetycznych i w transporcie

Diagnostics methods based on continuous analysis of energy transformation residual processes (mostly vibroacoustical methods) make it possible to detect pre-failure conditions. This is also true in case of other methods based on load counting, but these methods are costly and not widely used. Modern flaw detection methods are precise when it comes to crack detection, but they may hardly be applied to wear processes because of the low sensitivity. Operational diagnostics of constructional steel elements (such steel is either ferromagnetic or paramagnetic) may be run by assessing physical parameters change (magnetic parameters in particular). The paper presents one possible method of diagnosing wear processes with the help of magnetic methods; specific examples of testing steel elements used in power systems, transport and chemical industry are given. The results give an overview of material reaction to operational loads due to pressure, temperature, periodicity of mechanical loads, plastic strain arising from plastic periodicity and ratcheting effect. Correlation of material magnetic properties with load shows great potential of proposed magnetic diagnostics methods.