Zastosowanie niemetrycznego aparatu cyfrowego canon EOS 300D do wizualizacji 3D obiektu architektonicznego

W artykule przedstawiono możliwość wykorzystania niemetrycznego aparatu cyfrowego w celu pozyskania danych fotogrametrycznych służących następnie do wizualizacji 3D obiektu architektonicznego. Przedmiotem opracowania był zabytkowy Dworek w Mydlnikach, położony na terenie Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Zdjęcia obiektu wykonano niemetrycznym aparatem cyfrowym CANON EOS 300D o matrycy 6.3 mln pikseli, którego kalibrację przeprowadzono przy wykorzystaniu darmowego oprogramowania Aerosys. Stereogramy zdjęć normalnych opracowano z wykorzystaniem autografu cyfrowego VSD AGH, a na podstawie otrzymanych danych fotogrametrycznych wykonano model szkieletowy i model bryłowy obiektu oraz dokonano jego wizualizacji w programie AutoCAD 2000.

This article presents the possibilities of non-metric camera application for photogrammetric data obtainment for 3D architectural object visualization. An historical building of the Cracow Agricultural University in Mydlniki was studied. Photographs of the objects were taken with a Canon EOS 300 D camera with a 6.3 megapixels matrix and a EFS 18-55f/3.5 – 5.6 removable lens. For the studies, two series of photos were taken. The first was taken from the tripod (support stand), and the second one by hand. Each of series was taken without changes of internal orientation of the camera and the resolution was 3072×2048. The orientation of the photos was similar to normal photos. Stations for five bases were chosen in a similar manner for the ordering fragments of the elaborated object from a distance of 15.0 m. The base of the photos (1.5m) was designed by the accuracy of elaborating and stereo-visualization conditions. Control points were symmetrical on the all elevations of the object. There were unequivocal details. Control points coordinates were designed by “non-mirror tachymetry” in a common system for digital elaboration of the object. The camera was calibrated by Aerosys software. Standard internal orientation elements and additional enhanced parameters for systematic errors of the digital image were designed. Orientation elements were designed in two stages by: Direct Linear Transformation and Close Range Camera Calibration – Aerosys modules. The results were used in orientation of the stereopairs process. 8 normal stereopairs were elaborated by Video Stereo Digitizer "VSD-AGH" and were then performed based on a photogrammetric data skeleton (wire frame) and solid model of the object. The mean square error of points coordinates in past absolute orientation and mean error of control points coordinates (X, Y, Z) based on two series of photos orientations (results in the tables) were taken for the accuracy value. Finally, for VSD elaboration, stereopairs taken from a tripod of higher accuracy were chosen. Complex photogrammetric elaboration to give necessary vector and raster data and their mutual relations formed the basis of this elaboration. Visualization of this object was archived in AutoCad 2000 software. The performed research affirmed the utility of the non-metric digital camera Canon EOS 300D for 3D visualization of architectural objects.