Reduction of Odour Nuisance of Industrial Plants – Biofiltering in Composting Plants

Composting produces several hundred different substances. Among them, active fragrance compounds constitute a considerable number. Composting technology and the method of conducting the process are important elements. Due to the different ways of conducting the composting process, there are also areas of odour emissions as well as the volume of emissions. Depending on whether the process is conducted statically or dynamically, in a natural or artificial way and also in an open (e.g. field prism) or closed system (reactors, containers, encapsulated plots), the amount of odourant emitted will be uneven. One of the methods is the use of biofiltration. The biological filter for air purification is designed to remove volatile air pollutants leaving various installations. By using a suitable filter bed, total organic and inorganic carbon, sulfur and nitrogen compounds such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide can be reduced. They are part of the odours that emerge, for example, from a composting plant. The use of biofilter eliminates polluting emissions, which in practice means reducing the negative impact on the environment and neutralizing odours. The article presents the results of biogas analysis generated in the composting process and ecological methods of removing odorants in the biofiltration process. Two types of filling were used to fill the biofilter. Both are fully biodegradable. It has been shown that these fillings have a high impact on the development of biofilm, and thus on the reduction of pollution.