Simulation of Primary Spectra of Particle Radiation from Black Holes

The instantaneous primary emission spectra of particles radiating from Schwarzschild black holes and maximally rotating Kerr black holes of masses 1013 – 1015 g were investigated and C code, BlackHawk was used for the simulations. From a Schwarzschild black hole of mass 3.53×1013 g, gluons had the lowest cutoff energy, 199 MeV. The emission spectra were dominated by coloured particles, quarks having with the highest overall emission rate, 2.826×1022 GeV-1s-1 at energy 1.205 GeV. The leptons e±, μ±, τ± showed similar variation in emission rates. The only particles emitted with energies below the rest mass of u quarks were neutrinos, photons, and e±. At greater particle energies (> ~ 2 GeV) the emission rates of all particles were almost equivalent. The emission of vector bosons, Z0 and W± were negligible and became significant when the mass reduced to ~1011 g and then gluons, W±, Z0 and photons were emitted similar to each other with a peak at energy, 280 GeV. The emitting rates of gluons, quarks, neutrinos, W±, e±, μ±, τ±, Z0, photons, and Higgs bosons are in decreasing order respectively. As the mass of the black hole is reduced to 1.06×108 g, quarks were emitted at the highest rate 2.826×1022 GeV-1s-1 at 4010 GeV peak energy and at energies between rest mass energy of Higgs boson and 1.25×105 GeV, the emission of Higgs bosons exceeded the emission of quarks. For maximally rotating Kerr black hole of mass 3.53×1013 g, W±, Z0 and Higgs boson were emitted at higher emission rates 1012 – 1015 GeV-1s-1 and for mass 1.06×108 g, the gluons had the highest overall emission rate at the peak energy. At extremely high energies, the gluon emission rates are less than the emission rates of Higgs bosons, quarks, neutrinos, and e±, μ±, τ±. The spin-dependent behaviour of spectra is also present.