Rola dopływów rzeki Odry w kształtowaniu wrocławskich fortyfikacjach nowożytnych na przełomie XIX/XX w. The Role of the River Odras Tributaries in the Shaping of Modern Fortifications in Wroclaw at the Turn of the Nineteenth/Twentieth Century
Among numerously preserved cultural heritage of the Odra Valley, which is strongly connected with the river itself, greatest attention should be paid to the relics of modern-area fortifications of Wrocław. They originate from the 19th and 20th centuries, the period of great regulation works and the building of Wrocław Water Junction. This was also a period of touristic and leisure splendor of the Odra River. The course of fortifications of a light annular fortress which was built around the city was decided by its tributaries the Bystrzyca, Oława, Ślęza, Widawa and Czarny Potok. Most of the fortifications with an efficient influence on military functioning of the fortresses in this period had military water dams on the Widawa and Ślęza. They were used to flood the area in the foreground of the fortress at the moment the city was threatened. The external defense ring of the city comprised of small stable fortifications. Water obstacles together with the system of planned masking greenery creating something in the form of a "buckle" and sealing the spaces between fortress buildings. The article comments on the importance of 'military water dams' in the concept of protection of Wrocław Fortress, historical outline of their creation, taking into consideration the present anti-flood system. The connection between them and shaping city suburbs has also been indicated.
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