Odnowa wsi jako środowisko zachowania i zgodnego z dziedzictwem kulturowym kształtowania krajobrazu wiejskiego

The renewal of the village is an innovational concept of development of rural areas which occurred in German speaking countries at the turn of 70s and 80s as a reaction to the then increasing crisis in rural areas. The basis for this current of rural area development is belief that modernization of villages according to urban pattern and agriculture based on industrial production methods do not solve village problems but on the contrary deepen them. There is a future in front of it if its specific is considered in the approach to the development. It determines competition growth and successful chances in market conditions. Renewal of the village became a way of transforming an agricultural village into a post-agricultural one, with full preservation and development of its current values. The village remained itself keeping its attractiveness avoiding the "pseudo-city" syndrome which touched Polish villages in the way which makes achieving conditions of stable development difficult. In Poland renewal of villages is known thanks to the Opole program of Village Renewal (accessed by more than 300 soletstvoes), which was initiated in 1997. It is the biggest and the longest active regional program of local societies activation. As the first in the country it introduced the rule of grounding village development on a strategy drawn up by soletstvo (village renewal program). As a result of promotional actions of the region the expression of renewal became known throughout the country. It is possible to define a model of the progress of the village renewal process - from the initiating moment to the state when the village gains a stable bases of its development. Four phases where allocated: initial, starting, advanced and panoptical. Each of them has a characteristic, separate set of characteristics (states), each following phase is more capacious as to the matter and complexity of achievable states, and is, at the same time, longer and requiring exponential increase in costs. For village societies, the presented model has a value of general instruction on how to lead the village renewal in a most efficient way and in accordance with the logic of the process and what quality targets should be taken in the said moment of village renewal process advancement.