Polskie idee samorządowe a europejskie procesy unifikacyjne

THE ARTICLE INDICATES, that self-government occupies particular place in social, politic and economic realities of Poland. This institution was put before many important civilization tasks in history of Poland. Taking the initiative, encouragement for social activity, and organization of economic and mental life was desired. Forms and range of self-governments have changed within hundreds of years. In the middle ages in XIX age, self-government led to strong political, social and economic separatism. Nowadays, self-government is well informed on objectification of local communities. Self-government ideas are a very important component of West European civilization. It improved in a large measure the attitude towards foreigners, which resulted in them settling down on Polish soil more freely. It is emphasized, that modern self-government ideas are generated to a high degree by unification processes which occur in Europe. In the transformation of social-economic order, important task are being entrusted to local self-government. However, it is assumed, that the power which is generating fundamental changes is scientific and technical progress, international law, tolerance in accordance which different cultural dissimilarity. Local communities especially arouse connection which given area, because of referring to tradition, customs, ethnical and language autonomy. In order of polish self-government tradition, as well as important place in whole Polish political culture, appointed respect for: 1. Idea of freedom. 2. Internal solving of interest in particular local communities. 3. Unity. These ideas are revealed in ensemble of cultural life and civilization conversion. From 1 may 2004, Poland is functioning in structure of European union and in important measure it tries to fulfill these ideas. However, if we recognize development of two-polar world we must take into consideration unification processes. This reality transmits new civilization features to self-governments.