“Death to enemies of the fatherland”: Violent Right-Wing Extremism infiltration of the milieu of Polish football hooligans

Football hooligans are a group extremely prone to radicalization. Research and analyses from Western and, especially, Eastern European countries show a strong infiltration of this group of fans by Violent RightWing Extremism (VRWE). This is aided by the cult of strength and violence as well as the violent actions of this category of football fans. The aim of this work is to investigate this phenomenon in the Polish context and to describe the relationship between right-wing extremists and the environment of football hooligans and “ultras.” Numerous incidents related to the VRWE ideology at stadiums will be listed, as well as direct relationships between the VRWE activists and football hooligans. This will make it possible to place the case of Poland in the international context of this phenomenon and to show the advancement of this process.