Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a child with acute myeloid leukaemia: pharmacotherapy and surgical management

This paper reports on diagnostic and therapeutic management of pulmonary invasive fungal disease (IFD) in a child with relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia, undergoing chemotherapy followed by haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Surgical management with resection of the involved lung tissue was based on the location of fungal infiltrates close to large circulatory vessels. After examination of resected pulmonary tissue, a diagnosis of proven IFD was done. This case report is an example that aspergillosis is usually the cause for pulmonary IFD. Pharmacotherapy of pulmonary IFD should be based on compounds with good penetration to lung tissue: amphotericin B lipid form or voriconazole.