Severe vascular and neurological complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning

It is well established that the benefit of myeloablative ALLO-HSCT can be associated with a potential high risk of procedure-related toxicity. The objective of this report is the analysis of complications in a 17-year-old girl with AML previously treated for medulloblastoma and myelodysplastic syndrome. Thiotepa, fludarabine, treosulfan and thymoglobuline were used in conditioning regimen. During conditioning neurological complications have occurred. MRI and CT scan results revealed the coexistence of PRES with the left internal carotid artery thrombosis. The effect of fludarabine on endothelial cells could possibly contribute to irreversible CNS damage and death in presented case.