Patyna na skałach podłoża oraz blokach piramid w Giza i Abu Roasz, Egipt

The hill of Abu Rowash is situated on the edge of the Western Desert at the southern end of the Nile Delta about fifteen kilometers North West from Cairo where a cone-shaped pit of roughly is located. In the central part of the area, the measured diameter of the structure is up to 30 meters and the deep is up to 15 meters, respectively. Both the size and the shape of the object could indicated its impact origin. The samples of calcareous rocks which were collected from the central part of the crater and from the base have been examined both, in the University of Science and Technology in Cracow and the Jagiellonian University laboratories. Analyzed rock samples were classified as an organogenic micrite-sparite limestone. Some clasts commonly represented by shells from the inner walls of the crater, reflect traces of a shock wave. The another fossilized shells which are presented in the epicentral part of the crater has dark, macroscopic well-observed inclusions. The surrounding rocks of the crater have numerous fractures in the less metamorphosed layers. The border zone observed in thin sections is developed as an amorphous layer. The SEM-EDS analysis affirmed that the transparent coating is carbon (C) which is separated from the limestone by a thin layer of sulfates. A more detailed analysis of the sulfates between the calcitedolomite rock and the layer of carbon revealed the presence of the mettalic iron. The results of the investigation confirm the hypothesis about the craters being formed as a result of an impact by some extraterrestrial matter. Patina present on the rock was probably formed during the high temperature process. The above conditions could be a result of the impact of meteorite, which contained metallic elements and high amounts of graphite.