Rodzime i egzotyczne żerdzianki, Monochamus spp. (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) jako wektory węgorka sosnowca, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

A review of present knowledge on the sawyer beetles, Monochamus spp. as the potential and actual vectors of, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is given. The pine wilt nematode (PWN) can cause considerable damage of pine stands in Europe if it were imported here (lately appeared in Portugal) and distributed throughout the area. This may be accomplished by the natural vectors of the PWN – the pine sawyer beetles: (1) exotic, imported with the wood or (2) native, that had contacted the infected wood. Regarding these scenarios, biology, distribution and known relations to Bursaphelenhus nematodes are given. It is concluded, that despite the vector potential of native and exotic sawyer beetles, the pine wilt nematode will meet climatic obstacle to develop in central and northern Europe.