The Influence of Geometrical Parameters and Tools Material on the Quality of the Joint Made by FSW Method in AA2024 Thin Sheets

The paper presents the results of theoretical analysis and experimental research on the material’s influence and tool geometry on the welding speed and mechanical strength of Al 2024 thin sheet metal joints. To make the joints, tungsten carbide and ceramics tools with a smooth and modified surface of the shoulder were used. The choice of the geometrical parameters of the tool was adjusted to the thickness of the joined sheet. During welding, the values of axial and radial force were recorded to determine the stability of the process. The quality of the joint was examined and evaluated on the basis of visual analysis of the surface and cross-sections of the joint area and the parent material, and subjected to mechanical strength tests. The test results indicate that both the geometry of the tool shoulder and the tool material have a decisive influence on the quality of the joint and the welding speed, making it possible to shorten the duration of the entire process.