The present work involved an extensive outdoor performance
testing program of a solar water heating system that consists of four evacuated tube solar collectors incorporating four wickless heat pipes integrated
to a storage tank. Tests were conducted under the weather conditions of
Baghdad, Iraq. The heat pipes were of 22 mm diameter, 1800 mm evaporator length and 200 mm condenser length. Three heat pipe working fluids
were employed, ethanol, methanol, and acetone at an inventory of 50%
by volume of the heat pipe evaporator sections. The system was tested
outdoors with various load conditions. Results showed that the system
performance was not sensitive to the type of heat pipe working fluid employed here. Improved overall efficiency of the solar system was obtained
with hot water withdrawal (load conditions) by 14%. A theoretical analysis
was formulated for the solar system performance using an energy balance
based iterative electrical analogy formulation to compare the experimental temperature behavior and energy output with theoretical predictions.
Good agreement of 8% was obtained between theoretical and experimental
values.
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