Rola tradycji w życiu wielopokoleniowych rodzin wiejskich w Małopolsce

Family tradition is the essential value of upbringing. It shapes a specific atmosphere for each common family and style of house by decision about its individual character. The awareness of family cultural heritage, own roots of tradition has got an essentially significant for individual’s life. It allows to develop by means of building into culture, among it into tradition, customs and folk customs usually preserved by nations, social groups and families. A family takes up in social transmission. Thanks to it heritage and traditions are remembered and revived. According to Ziemski transmission is “communication between this what was and this what is”. Mentioned revival happens, when the contact between sender (former generations) and receiver and such contact takes place because of social institutions like family. A child gradually, by his upbringing and education receives cultural heritage from their parents, who transmit him his own life experiences, among them these, which they had received form their parents. Presented researches was carried out in three Malopolska communities – Dębno, Wieliczka i Zabierzow. 40 multigenerational families were selected in each community in these researches. Interviews with questionnaire were carried out with them, the questionnaire was devided into three parts directed to the representatives of three generations: grandparents, parents and grandchildren. All in all 360 people were examined. Presented results constituted the attempt of answers for question about essential role of tradition in multi-generational rural families’ life, and about the range of customs keeping which are inherited from previous generations, too. For straight majority of respondents the role of tradition in their life is big or very big (all in all for almost 90% people). It is easy to see the little degeneration of tradition, which are typically secular, while customs strictly connected with religious practices are cultivated also with big engagement like in the past. It’s seen, as parish priest says: “in solemn experience of religious and festive events”. Results of researches related to perceiving festivals in multigenerational generational families find the reflection in mentioned yet interview with parish priest. He said that, “certainly for rural family on the first place religious experiences matter. A big attendance in churches in taking part in masses and very numerous saint sacraments receiving, although certainly Christmas are more family than Eastern ones. Summarizing, one can affirm that festivals and traditions connected with them still play a very essential role in rural multigenerational families’ life from the territory of examined Malopolska communities.

Badania zostały przeprowadzone w trzech małopolskich gminach – Dębnie, Wieliczce i Zabierzowie. Dobrano do nich po 40 wielopokoleniowych rodzin wiejskich w każdej gminie. Przeprowadzono z nimi wywiady wg kwestionariusza, który został podzielony na trzy części skierowane do przedstawicieli trzech pokoleń: dziadków, rodziców i wnuków. Łącznie przebadano 360 osób. Prezentowane wyniki badań będą stanowiły próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie jak istotną rolę odgrywa tradycja w życiu wielopokoleniowych rodzin wiejskich, a także w jakim zakresie kultywowane są w nich zwyczaje odziedziczone po poprzednich pokoleniach.