Karnoprawny obowiązek denuncjacji (art. 240 k.k.) a tajemnica posługi religijnej Denouncement Obligation Under Criminal Law (art. 240 of the Criminal Code) vs. the Privilege of Religious Service
The amendment of art. 240 of the Criminal Code, effective as of 13 July 2017, has replaced the previous social obligation (art. 304 of the Code of Criminal Procedure) with the denouncement obligation under criminal law with reference to sex crimes. Expanding the substantive scope of the related obligation has been justified with the need to increase the protection of the victims of such crimes, especially minors and people who are inept due to their mental and physical condition. Recognizing the abovementioned purpose of the amendment as ne-cessary and socially important, it is worth asking the question about the relationship between the obligation under the analyzed legal norm and the freedom of conscience and religion, as guaranteed by the constitution as well as the right to privacy, including the right to discretion related to spiritual life and religious practice. Does the obligation to notify law enforcement authorities refer also to clergy and religious, who have obtained this kind of information while performing religious service? Does this obligation arise even when the victim expressly states during a spiritual conversation that they don’t want the police or prosecutor to be informed and when there are reasons to suspect that a possible notification and its procedural consequences may have an adverse effect on the victim’s psyche? The article will attempt to answer these questions.
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