Technologiczna analiza późnogotyckich i renesansowych kafli z zamku w Dubiecku TECHNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF SELECTED TILE FRAGMENTS FROM THE DUBIECKO CASTLE AREA
Fragments of selected 10 Gothic and Renaissance tiles
coming from the Dubiecko castle area were subjected
to technological investigations aimed at achieving the
characteristics of material from which the tiles were
manufactured and also establishing the approximate
features of their make.
To determine the raw material of the pottery mass
samples were taken for macroscopic examination and
the nicol observations including the planimetrie measurements.
The above examinations have shown that
clay used for the tile manufacture in most cases w'as
fairly homogeneous with considerable content of fin e -
grained, primary non-plastic components. This could
be handled as an indication that, although the production
of tiles covered a relatively wide span of t ime,
for their manufacture local resources of raw
materials were used. As an artificial non-plastic admixture
20 to 27 per cent of sifted quartz grit (no
grains of more than 500 u mesh have been found)
together with pottery (chamotte) cullet was used; however,
no traces of cullet were found in one sample
denoted „B-5”.
Further, it has been found that some decorative e le ments
were formed using the potter’s wheel which the
fact has been clearly reflected through the direction
of material’s inner pattern in some samples (in particular
of that in sample marked A-3).
In order to determine the maximum temperature at
which the tiles were baked the samples cut out from
greater units were subjected to dilatometric measurements
allowing to settle their caking point in accordance
with the original maximum temperature of
product baking. In addition, a thermic differential
analysis was applied by means of the curve tracing,
recording the changes occurring in substance as result
of heat absorbtion or emission (with possible
effects only above the temperature to which the sample
has originally been heated). The investigations
conducted have shown that the temperatures at which
the tiles were baked varied from 850°C to 1020°C.
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