The incidence and severity of butt rot were assessed in 12 selected Norway spruce seed stands in the Beskidy Mountains,
Poland. A semi-invasive technique of sonic tomography was used for the assessment of rot damage. Stands of
different age classes (100–120, 130–150, 160–170 years old) and distinct regions of provenance (Istebna and Orawa)
were investigated. Hierarchical analysis of variance was used to determine effects of stand age and stand provenance
on butt rot occurrence at a stand level. High incidence of butt rot was noted in all of the studied seed stands (47% to
87% of diagnosed tree samples). Stand age had a significant effect on percentage share of ‘damaged wood’ on the
tomogram. The extent of rot damage was rising with stand age, and the largest was observed in the age category
160–170 years. Spruce stands of Istebna provenance were generally more damaged by butt rot than those of Orawa
provenance, however, the latter have been growing in forest sites more suitable for spruce in terms of fertility and
altitude. Hierarchical analysis of variance did not show a statistically significant relationship between the region of
provenance and average share of ‘damaged wood’ on the tomogram. Presented results indicate that for stands growing
in similar conditions vulnerability to butt rot is determined by stand age. Further research is needed to separate
impact of stand provenance identified with specific genetic constitution of a population from the effect of environmental
conditions typical of a given region of provenance.
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