Syndróm vyhorenia a stres

When talking about burnout syndrome, it is important to highlight the fact that burnout syndrome is the result of long-term chronic stress. In this context, it is important to define stress as a phenomenon that inherently belongs to the life of living beings and therefore of man. This process can be understood as a process that is still developing (Kebza, Šolcová, 1998). Canadian physiologist Hans Selye defined stress as a condition manifested in the form of a specific syndrome, which represents the sum of all non-specific changes induced within a given biological system (Selye, 1996). Košč (2003) defined stress as a non-specific response to any demand that is placed on it. It may also be understood as a general adaptation syndrome a phylogenetic development developed by the response of higher organisms to a life-saving, promising preparation for an attack or escape. fight or flight. The stress itself can not be avoided, because this effort would be stressful by itself. If we look at the issue from a physical point of view, the very concept of stress means the pressure that acts on the body and causes its distortion. From a psychological point of view, it means a certain amount of effort, that is, the demands placed on the individual’s physical and mental energy. Goldstein (1993) states that stress can also be seen as a threat and disruption of the body’s homeostasis. W.B.Cannon (1915) defined the alarm theory of emotions as the response of the organism to stress by adrenergic activation with metabolic consequences for energy to fight or flight (Kryl, 2004). In terms of stress alone, it is important to define terms such as stressors and salutaries. All negative living factors leading to stress itself are called stressors. They can be divided into: • external stressors (noise, sensory deprivation, hazard); • Barriers that hinder satisfying primary needs (food, sleep and rest) • Performance-related burdens (timing, extreme demands, or monotonous work) • social stressors (interpersonal and social problems), • Conflicts (Křivohlavý, 2003). In this context, the stressor can also be an activity related to a certain risk, sense of responsibility and competition as well as situations related to the examination, bankruptcy and conflicting situations. Physical or natural factors can be accidents, cold, noise, heat, time-consuming activity, risk-related activity, expectation of threat, inadequate qualification due to tasks, cognitive, emotional or social deprivation, hostility to the social environment, lack of privacy, or too many interactions (Verešová, 2007).