Walencja semantyczna a walencja syntaktyczna na przykładzie łacińskich czasowników emere, admonere i aestimare

The aim of the present article has been to show on the example of the three Latin verbs – emere, admonere and aestimare – the relations occurring between valency on the semantic plane and valency on the syntactic plane. Analysis of the syntactic valency of the verbs and of their semantic valency expressed in terms of deep cases confirms the thesis that there is no univocal correspondence between valency on the semantic plane and valency on the syntactic plane. On its basis it may be said that the same semantic case is realized in a different way as the actant of the surface structure, and in turn actants that are the same as far as their morphological form is concerned have different semantic roles.