In this study, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots were treated with hypoxic water. The staining of cell preparations
with DAPI revealed morphological changes of the cells such as nuclear condensation, deformation and
fragmentation. Under TEM, cellular membrane shrinkage and breakage, chromatin condensation and apoptotic-
like bodies were displayed. The number of mitochondria increased dramatically; their cristae were damaged;
the interior became a cavitation and only some flocculent materials were distributed. Indirect immunofluorescence
staining indicated that cytochrome C diffused from mitochondria to nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. TUNEL
positive nuclei indicated double strand breaks of DNA. DAB staining was used for the identification of hydrogen
peroxide and examination showed that the longer the treating time, the darker the staining of the meristematic
zones of the roots which suggested the increased accumulation of these Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The elevation
of hydrogen peroxide production was paralleled with the increase of SOD and POD activities. A negative
correlation between the exposure time under hypoxia and the contents of soluble proteins was found. No obvious
effect of hypoxia on MDA was established. The obtained results demonstrate that hypoxia causes programmed
cell death in the root-tip meristematic cells of Triticum aestivum L. which is most probably attributed
to the accumulation of large amounts of ROS.
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