Maintaining railway turnout operability is crucial for ensuring railway transport
safety. Electric heating of railway turnouts is a significant technical and economic issue.
The classical heating is characterised by high power consumption. For this reason, research
is needed to optimise the current system. This paper presents results of a numerical analysis
and of experimental researches. The numerical analysis was carried out using the ANSYS
software. There was conducted a numerical comparative analysis of energy loss during
heating performed using two different heaters. Including the classical method and a heater
thermally insulated from a rail. In the first step, heating of a working space filled with a
substitute snow model was considered. The snow-covered surface area was held within the
working space of the turnout. It was assumed that the snow substitute material had thermal
properties approximately the same as real light snow. It was also assumed that the material
is in the solid state which would not undergo a phase change. In the next step, a real snow
model that included the phase change process was taken into account. The energy efficiency
and heat distribution in the turnout have been analysed and compared. The experimental
researches were carried out in a physical model. The results showed that the use of a
contactless heater results in creating a larger area over which emitted heat affected snow
in the working space. Consequently, more snow was melted around the contactless heater
than the classic one. This experimental observation supported the results of the numerical
analyses presented previously.
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