Navigating a vessel without an ice class on the NSR close to the front of Ice-free zone during ice melting period

Arikaynen A.I., Tsubakov K.N. 1987. Alphabet of ice navigation. [in Russian] (Aзбyкa лeдoвoгo плaвaния). Transport, Moscov: 224 Buysse J. 2007. Handling ships in ice, A practical guide to handling 1A and 1AS classed ships. The Nautical Institute, London: 166 House D.J., Lloyd T., Toomey P.R.M., Dickins D. 2010. The ice navigation manual. Witherby Seamanship International Ltd: 409 International Hydrographic Office, 1953. Limits of oceans and seas. Publication S-23: 40 International Hydrographic Office, 2002. Limits of oceans and seas. Publication S-23, Draft 4th Edition, 2002: 235 Jurdziński M. 2000. Planning the navigation in ice [in Polish] (Planowanie nawigacji w lodach). Wyższa Szkoła Morska, Gdynia: 192 NATICE, 2018. MIZ ice concentration maps in ESRI Shape format. U.S. National Ice Center, http://www.natice.noaa.gov/Main_Products.htm. Accessed 19.12.2018 Natural Earth, 2017. Free vector and raster map data at 1:10 m, 1:50 m, and 1:110 m scales, http://www.naturalearth-data.com. Accessed 01.01.2017 Parnell G.Q. 1986. Ice seamanship, Monograph. The Nauitical Institute: 87 Pastusiak T. 2016a. The time window for vessels without ice strengthening on the Northern Sea Route, Annual of Navigation, No. 23: 103-119 Pastusiak T. 2016b. The Northern Sea Route as a shipping lane. Expectations and Reality, ISBN 978-3-319-41832-2, ISBN eBook 978-3-319-41834-6, Springer International Publishing AG, Switzerland: 247 Pastusiak T. 2016c. Principles of Vessel Route Planning in Ice on the Northern Sea Route, TRANSNAV, International Journal of Marine Navigation and safety of sea transportation, Vol. 10 No. 4 - December 2016 Pastusiak T. 2018. Planning independent transit voyages of vessel without ice strengthening through the Northern Sea Route [in Polish] (Planowanie samodzielnych podróży tranzytowych statku bez wzmocnień lodowych przez Północną Drogę Morską). Akademia Morska w Gdyni, Gdynia, ISBN 978-83-7421-286-1: 278 Pastusiak T. 2020. Voyages on the Northern Sea Route, Springer International Publishing, 1st ed. 2020, XXXVIII, Print ISBN 978-3-030-25489-6: 279 Shapaev V.M. 1975. Hydrometeorological conditions and navigation [in Russian] (Гидрометеорологические условя и мореплавание). Moscov, Transport: 248